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The Italian Fascist fez was a stiff black felt cap, used as part of the uniform of the MVSN (Volunteer Militia for National Security). Inspired by the Ottoman fez, it was reinterpreted as a symbol of fascist ideology, worn by militiamen and regime officials.
Decorated with gold eagles, braided cords, fringes, and side insignia, it conveyed authority, hierarchy, and political identity. While similar in shape to the North African fez, it was different in color, decoration, and militarized context.
